A forced circulation evaporator, at its core, is an evaporation system specially designed to handle liquids that are difficult to evaporate.The system uses a mechanical pump (forced circulation pump) to circulate the liquid through the evaporation chamber at a high velocity, ensuring uniform heating and preventing any fouling or scaling issues that commonly plague traditional evaporation methods.
A forced circulation evaporator, at its core, is an evaporation system specially designed to handle liquids that are difficult to evaporate. These liquids might include those with high viscosity, liquids prone to crystallizing, or solutions that tend to form scales on the heating surfaces. The system uses a mechanical pump (forced circulation pump) to circulate the liquid through the evaporation chamber at a high velocity, ensuring uniform heating and preventing any fouling or scaling issues that commonly plague traditional evaporation methods.
The heart of the process lies in the dual components of the forced circulation evaporator: the heat exchange chamber and the crystallizing evaporator. The process begins with the liquid being pumped at high velocity through tubes in the heat exchange chamber, where it is heated under pressure higher than its normal boiling point. This superheated liquid then moves to a separator where a sudden pressure drop causes flash evaporation or rapid boiling, turning part of the liquid into vapor. This vapor can be reused in multi-effect evaporation systems or condensed back into liquid form. Concentrated liquid from the separator is then fed into a crystallizer or further processed, depending on the application.
Single-effect forced-circulation evaporator, multi-effect forced-circulation evaporators (including double-effect, triple-effect, four-effect and five-effect), MVR (Mechanical Vapor Recompression) forced-circulation evaporators, etc.
The versatility and efficiency of forced circulation evaporators have made them a staple in various industries:
1) Wastewater Treatment: Deep concentration of industrial wastewater, especially in pharmaceuticals, food, and chemical industries, for volume reduction and recovery of valuable components.
2) Salt Crystallization: Ideal for the production of various salts, such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride, from their solutions.
3) Environmental Management: Treatment of desulfurization wastewater in power plants and handling of high-salt chemical wastewaters, aiding in pollution control and resource recovery.
A typical forced-circulation evaporator consists of the following components:
1) Heat exchange chamber: transferring heat to the product to cause vaporization.
2) Crystallizing evaporator: A vessel where the vapor separates from the concentrated liquid.
3) Forced circulation pump: it is adopted to effectively prevent the risk of heat exchange tube blockage caused by high-concentration salt. And it also slows down the formation of fouling on the heat exchange surfaces, improving heat transfer efficiency, increasing equipment’s continuous operation time, and reducing the frequency of cleaning.
4) Condenser: Where the vapor is condensed. When a large amount of secondary steam is condensed into liquid, the vacuum condition inside the system is formed, thus maintains the necessary operation pressure.
5) Vacuum System: Provides the system with an initial vacuum system.
6) Transfer Pumps: Including charging pump, discharging pump and condensate discharging pumps.
And operating platform, monitoring instruments, and an electrical instrument control cabinet, as well as valves and piping systems.
1) High Efficiency and Low Energy Consumption: By utilizing a forced circulation pump, these evaporators optimize heat transfer, resulting in rapid evaporation and high concentration ratios with lower energy input.
2) Versatility for Challenging Liquids: Their ability to efficiently process viscous liquids, solutions with a tendency to crystallize, or those prone to scaling makes them indispensable in many industrial applications.
3) Operational Flexibility: Features like continuous operation, automatic control of liquid levels and concentration, and the capacity for easy switching between products or operational modes enhance the system’s flexibility.
4) Compact Design: The thoughtful design ensures a small footprint, making it an ideal choice for facilities with limited space;
5) Automation: Can be fully automated for consistent performance and minimal manual intervention.
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