Description

Overview of Calcium Chloride

 Calcium chloride is available in various forms depending on its hydration state and application needs. These include:

   •Calcium chloride solution

   •Calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl₂·6H₂O)

   •Calcium chloride tetrahydrate (CaCl₂·4H₂O)

   •Flake calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl₂·2H₂O)

   •Anhydrous calcium chloride (powder or honeycomb form)

    Anhydrous calcium chloride(CaCl₂) are high-purity, white to off-white hygroscopic solids manufactured by thermal dehydration of calcium chloride solutions. This product is widely used across various industrial, chemical, and environmental applications due to its strong hygroscopic properties and highly effective chemical characteristics:

Challenges in Anhydrous Calcium Chloride Granule Production 

    In industrial production, the drying of calcium chloride, whether in dihydrate or anhydrous form, presents several technical challenges due to the compound’s physical and thermodynamic characteristics:

(1) Melting behavior during drying  

    Calcium chloride exhibits melting-like behavior during the drying process. As the temperature increases, it passes through its critical solubility transition, dissolving in its own water of crystallization. This phenomenon causes the material to soften and bind together, resulting in agglomeration or lump formation.

(2) High dehydration temperature required

    The transition from dihydrate to anhydrous calcium chloride requires heating to temperatures around 260°C. Therefore, the inlet air temperature of the dryer system is generally higher than 260°C during the drying process, and a certain drying time is required.

(3) Complex Heat and Mass Balance Calculations

    Drying calcium chloride differs significantly from standard surface moisture removal processes. In addition to removing free water, the crystalline water (water of crystallization) must also be extracted. This requires accounting for both the latent heat of vaporization and the heat of reaction involved in breaking the crystal lattice. As a result, the thermal calculations for calcium chloride drying are more complex and must consider phase transitions, enthalpy changes, and mass transfer behavior across temperature gradients.

Equipment Description    

    Calcium chloride granule production plant produces anhydrous calcium chloride granules from calcium chloride solution, through concentration, granulation and drying.

    The plant consists of following section:

    1). A multiple-effect forced circulation evaporator, concentrating calcium chloride solution up to around 55% according to site condition;

    2). A Spray granulation and Fluidized-bed dryer system, transforming concentrated calcium chloride solution into 94% anhydrous calcium chloride granules alternatively. 

    3). An automatic weighing and packing machine, 25kg/bag.

System Advantage

    1). The whole process from calcium chloride solution to concentration by a  multi-effect evaporator, and to granulation and drying by aspray granulation fluidized-bed dryer system, can be fully automatic.

    2). No need of manual operation of feeding of the fluidized bed granulator, reducing the operating intensity and providing a good operating environment.

    3). Muti-stage washing and demister are adopted at each venting point,  to ensure the dust removal effect while recovering materials, and ensure the exhaust gas meets the environmental protection requirements.

    4). Simple equipment structure , fewer operating points, no maintenance required for the main body, and regular conveying machine adopted for other related auxiliary machines, less maintenance.

    5). Smaller occupied area and less investment.

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