MVR Evaporator System for Lithium Battery Black Mass Leachate Crystallization

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MVR Evaporator System for Lithium Battery Black Mass Leachate Crystallization

The MVR Evaporator System efficiently converts lithium battery leachate into battery-grade crystals while enabling water recycling and energy-saving operation, making it essential for sustainable battery material recovery. The system includes: MVR evaporator for sodium sulfate: 38 t/h; nickel sulfate: 4 t/h; manganese sulfate: 1.6 t/h; cobalt sulfate: 1.2 t/h; and sodium chloride: 3 t/h.

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Description

    The MVR Evaporator System for Lithium Battery Black Mass Leachate is a critical end-stage purification solution in wet-process lithium battery recycling. It efficiently concentrates and crystallizes purified solutions of nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate, manganese sulfate, lithium carbonate, and other valuable compounds obtained from the leaching process into battery-grade crystalline products. This system not only enables the recovery of high-value metals but also supports sustainable water recycling.
Process Overview

1. Battery Pretreatment

    Spent lithium batteries are first processed through charged crushing and high-temperature pyrolysis, producing black mass, copper particles, and aluminum particles.

2. Leaching Stage

    The black mass enters a closed, continuous wet leaching system. Methods such as intermediate leaching and acid counter-current leaching dissolve valuable metals including Li, Ni, Co and Mn, into solution.

3. Solvent Extraction & Purification

    The resulting mixed sulfate solution is refined using solvent extraction across multiple extraction lines and multi-stage continuous extraction. This produces pure battery-grade solutions of:

    • Nickel sulfate (NiSO₄)

    • Cobalt sulfate (CoSO₄)

    • Manganese sulfate (MnSO₄)

    • Lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃)

    • Sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄)

    • Sodium chloride (NaCl)

4. Evaporation and Crystallization

    Each purified solution is processed individually in the MVR evaporation and crystallization system, yielding battery-grade crystalline products ready for reuse in battery production.

MVR Evaporator System

    •Pre-concentration: Low-concentration extract solutions are first concentrated to higher levels, meeting crystallization requirements.
    •Continuous Crystallization:  Continuous crytallization processes are employed for continuous and consistent production of crystal particles.  
    •Solid-Liquid Separation: After crystallization, the crystal slurry is separated into solids and liquids using centrifugation to obtain qualified crystals.
    •Mother Liquor Recycling: The separated mother liquor is returned to the evaporator for further crystallization. Portions of mother liquor, due to impurity accumulation, are sent back to the pre-treatment stage for purification.

    Battery-Grade Crystalline Products

    •Nickel sulfate crystals: NiSO₄·6H₂O

    •Cobalt sulfate crystals: CoSO₄·7H₂O

    •Manganese sulfate crystals: MnSO₄·H₂O

    •Lithium carbonate crystals: Li₂CO₃

    • Condensate Water Recycling: All condensate water generated during evaporation is recycled back to the leaching process, achieving a closed-loop water system.
Conclusion

    The MVR Evaporator System is a key end-stage purification solution in lithium battery recycling, converting low-concentration metal solutions into battery-grade crystalline products. It supports water recycling, reduces energy consumption through MVR or multi-effect evaporation, and ensures continuous, efficient crystallization. This makes it essential for sustainable and economically viable lithium battery material recovery.

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